A. Fill in the blanks:
1. Computer viruses are software programs designed to interfere with
normal computer operation.
2. A virus is the most infectious
virus that attaches itself to a file.
3. A good anti-virus software is
the best way to protect your computer.
4. Quick heal and Norton Internet Security are two popular antivirus
software packages.
5. A multipartite virus is a
computer virus that infects and spreads in multiple ways.
6. Creeper virus was the first
network virus detected on ARPANET in the early 1970s.
7. The Reaper was the first true
antivirus created by Bob Thomas.
8. A program called 'Elk Cloner' is
credited with being the first computer virus, it was created. by Rich Skrenta
in 1982.
9. Internet and pirated software’s
are the biggest sources of virus.
10. A good antivirus software is
the best ways to protects your computers.
B. Explain the following in brief.
1. Boot Sector Virus: A boot sector virus is a type of virus that infects the boot sector of floppy disks or the hard disks. It replaces the boot record program, which is responsible for loading the OS in memory, copying elsewhere on the disk or overwrite it.
2. Polymorphic virus: Polymorphic viruses
are very difficult to detect or remove. It is because these viruses change
their code each time an infected file is executed. However, the anti-virus
programs usually detect the presence of any virus by detecting its code. These
types of viruses are also capable of replicating easily.
OR
A Polymorphic virus is a type of virus that changes its signature (binary pattern) every time it replicates and infects a new file in order to keep from being detected by an anti-virus.
3. Macro Virus: A macro virus is a computer virus that infects data files which are accessed more frequently by the computer uses. When an infected file is opened, the macro virus releases a sequence of actions that begin automatically. These actions cause damage to the computer and its applications.
4. Program Virus: A program virus is a virus that infects executable program files. When the infected file is executed, the virus becomes active in the memory, making copies of itself and infecting file on disk.
5. Malware: Malware is a program designed to gain access to computer systems, normally for the benefit of some third party, without the user's permission. Malware can be Spyware or Adware:
6. Spyware: Spyware is infiltration software that secretly monitors unsuspecting users. It can enable a hacker to obtain sensitive information, such as passwords, from the user's computer.
7. Adware: Adware is a type of malware software, that quietly collects information about you, such as browsing history and search results, while at the same time feeding you ads, and it does all of this without asking for your consent that can reduce your computer’s productivity and efficiency.
C. Answer the following Questions:
1. What are the ill-effects of computer virus?
The ill -effects of computer
virus are:
i) Deleting or Corrupting files.
ii) Replicating itself.
iii) Damaging the content of the
hard disk.
iv) It causes frequent computer
crashes.
v) weakens computer memory and even reformat the hard drive.
2. What are the potential sources of Computer Virus?
The potential sources of computer
virus are:
i) Removable media (CD, DVD, Pen
drives, etc.)
ii) Unsecure internet source. (File downloading, ads click on web sites)
3. How does Trojan infect a computer?
A trojan is program that infects
a computer by hiding its true intention. It is a destructive program disguised
as a game, application or utility. When activated, it causes damage although
appearing to be useful.
4. What is the different between
Spyware and Adware?
Spyware and Adware are
both forms of malware that can infect your computer without your knowledge. The
different between spyware and Adware are:
SPY WARE |
ADWARE |
i) Designed to scan hard drive and browsing history to identify
information about you. |
ii) Designed to sends you advertisement based on the internet
browsing that it has tracked. |
ii) It is a form of
malware designed to collect your personal information |
ii) Its main objective is to
monitor your interests and display relevant ads. |
5. Give some indications of virus infection in a computer.
Some of the indication of virus
infection are given below:
i) A program takes longer than
usual time to load.
ii) A hard disk drive shows no
space thought there is enough space.
iii) The file formats change on
their own when you try to access them.
iv) New files keeps on appearing
on the system but you don’t know where they come from.
v) The file on the computer
starts getting deleted on their own.
vi) Files have strange names you
do not recognize.
vii) The computer unexpectedly
starts rebooting.
viii) Inability to access the
hard drive or hard disks.
ix) The computer frequently stops
responding.
x) Installed memory becomes less
without any reason.
xi) The OS will not start at all.
6. What is an Anti-Virus software?
An Anti-Virus software is a set of programs that are designed to prevent, search for, detect, and remove software viruses, and other malicious software like worms, trojans, adware, and more from a computer.
7. What are the steps to ensure safety from computer viruses?
Some measures to ensure safety
from computer viruses are given below:
i) Install an Anti- Virus
Software or Program and keep it update.
ii) Scan your computer regularly.
iii) Use software from trusted
sources.
iv) Scan new software programs
from viruses before installing them.
v) Don’t open e-mail attachments
without scanning them.
vi) Scan downloaded files from
the internet or those transferred through a network or removable disk.
vii) Install a firewall to filter
the incoming and outgoing messages.
viii) Adjust security setting in
your browser to ensure maximum protection.
ix) Never use pirated software.
x) Backup your files in a separate location.
8. What is a Computer Virus?
A computer virus is small programs or malicious code that are written to alter the way a computer operates and is designed to spread from one computer to another and interfere with normal operation.
9. Name some popular Anti-Virus software packages.
Some popular Anti-Virus software
packages are:
i) Norton Internet Security.
ii) Quick Heal Total Security
iii) Kaspersky Internet Security
iv) Trend Micro virus Internet
Security
v) Net Protector
vi) Bitdefender Antivirus
vii) Avira Antivirus
viii) Trend Micro Antivirus
ix) Webroot Secure Anywhere
Antivirus
x) Avast Antivirus
xi) McAfee Antivirus
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